AutomationAtlas

A global atlas of how automation exposure differs across work tasks and countries.

The atlas measures work tasks directly, shows how exposure differs across countries, links those tasks to skills, and adds a separate goods-and-trade view for how automation-related technologies may arrive through traded products.

World View preview

Country hover

Hover or tap a country to inspect the current metric and move into the country surface.

What the atlas measures

Start with three simple questions.

The site works best when the main objects stay clear: what work looks exposed, how that picture changes once country context is included, and how automation-related goods may show up through trade.

Task exposure

What work tasks look feasible to automate

The country layer measures exposure at the task level and then summarizes it for countries, skills, occupations, and industries.

Country context

How the picture changes once country context is included

The site keeps a simple no-context comparison in view, but its preferred benchmark is the country-aware one built from country-specific task evidence.

Products and trade

How technology may arrive through goods

The products-and-trade layer is a proxy. It separates supporting goods from direct-execution systems instead of treating all automation-linked imports as the same.

Average task exposure

The country’s average level of task exposure under the shared atlas framework.

Substitution vs augmentation balance

Whether exposed tasks lean more toward substitution or more toward augmentation.

Goods-facing automation exposure

A traded-goods proxy for how automation-related technologies may enter through imports.

Headline findings

Three patterns that shape the atlas.

These are the shortest routes into the paper: structure matters, countries differ in meaningful ways, and similar exposure can still arrive through different technology mixes.

Task-skill backbone reranking figure
Task-skill structure

Preserving many-to-many task-skill links changes which skills look most exposed.

39.6% of the network top decile appears only when the full task-skill structure is kept.

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Country map of substitution versus augmentation balance
Country conditioning

Average exposure and substitution balance vary substantially across countries.

The atlas covers 142 countries and keeps the global benchmark tied to country-conditioned task evidence.

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Country spotlight role shares
Products and trade

Countries with similar exposure can still have different goods-facing technology mixes.

The updated product layer separates supporting goods from direct-execution systems before comparing country trade profiles.

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Case studies

Start with guided country diagnostics.

The case-study layer is where the atlas becomes more editorial and policy-facing. It uses the same public data as the explorers, but packages it into a simpler country narrative with a few guided interactions.

Zambia case study
Case study

Zambia

Zambia sits above the current Sub-Saharan Africa median on average task exposure, but its profile still leans more toward augmentation than substitution. The strongest signals are concentrated in clerical, accounting, and digitally mediated service work, with specialized domain tools and software-heavy tasks doing most of the work.

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Kenya case study
Case study

Kenya

Kenya combines a higher average exposure level than Zambia with a similarly augmentation-heavy overall profile. The strongest signals again sit in administrative, clerical, and digitally mediated service work, making Kenya a natural comparative case for policy discussion in East Africa.

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Coming soon

More country diagnostics will follow.

Zambia and Kenya launch the section first. The same template is intended to expand to India, the United Kingdom, Italy, the United States, and China without changing the structure of the site.

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Choose where to start

Open the part of the atlas you need first.

Each page answers a different question. The goal is to make the first click obvious rather than to force everything onto one screen.

World view preview
World View

Compare countries, regions, and benchmark frames.

Start with the atlas-wide country surface, then move into individual country pages without losing context.

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Country profiles preview
Country Profiles

Read one country at a time.

Country Profiles keep the automation story focused on exposure, technology mix, implementation needs, occupations, industries, and skills.

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Task-skill graphs preview
Task-Skill Graphs

Browse tasks, skills, and local graph neighborhoods.

Open a task or skill, inspect its immediate neighborhood, and see how the preserved graph changes the ranking story.

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Products and trade preview
Products & Trade

Inspect trade-facing technology interfaces.

Use the goods-side layer to compare technology intensity, direct execution, and supporting shares across countries.

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Paper and data

Keep the paper, methods, and public files nearby.

The paper gives the full argument. The methods page explains how to read the objects. The data page starts with the codebook and then points to the downloadable public files.

Paper preview
Paper

Read the current manuscript and selected figures.

The paper page keeps the abstract, citation, PDF, and a small figure subset together.

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Methods preview
Methods

Read the measurement boundaries in plain language.

The methods page explains what the atlas measures, what it does not measure, and how the layers connect.

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Data tables preview
Data

Start with definitions, then inspect the public bundles.

The data page leads with the codebook and then previews the static files already used by the site.

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